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                    <div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="t-navbar" style=""><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="../c.html" title="c"> C</a><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1.1em">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="language.html" title="c/language">语言</a> </td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="variadic.html" title="c/variadic">变参数函数支持</a> </td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="algorithm.html" title="c/algorithm">算法</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="numeric.html" title="c/numeric">数值</a> </td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="thread.html" title="c/thread">线程支持</a> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="atomic.html" title="c/atomic">原子操作</a> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> </td></tr>
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</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="language/history.html" title="c/language/history"> 版本</a><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1.1em">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> C89 </td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <strong class="selflink"> C11</strong> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="17.html" title="c/17"> C17</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="23.html" title="c/23"> C23</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="current_status.html" title="c/current status"> 当前状况</a> </td></tr>
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<p><b>ISO/IEC 9899:2011</b> ，又称 <b>C11</b> ，是先前的 C 标准版本。
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.87.E6.97.B6">过时</span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A7.BB.E9.99.A4">移除</span></h3>
<ul><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="io/gets.html" title="c/io/gets">gets()</a></span>
</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.96.B0.E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80.E7.89.B9.E6.80.A7">新语言特性</span></h2>
<ul><li> 多线程环境
<ul><li> <a href="language/atomic.html" title="c/language/atomic">原子对象</a>（<a href="keyword/_Atomic.html" title="c/keyword/ Atomic"><tt>_Atomic</tt></a>）
</li><li> <a href="language/storage_duration.html#.E5.AD.98.E5.82.A8.E6.9C.9F" title="c/language/storage duration">线程局部存储</a>（<a href="keyword/_Thread_local.html" title="c/keyword/ Thread local"><tt>_Thread_local</tt></a>）
</li></ul>
</li><li> 增强的对齐支持
<ul><li> <a href="language/_Alignof.html" title="c/language/ Alignof">对齐查询</a>（<a href="keyword/_Alignof.html" title="c/keyword/ Alignof"><tt>_Alignof</tt></a>）
</li><li> <a href="language/_Alignas.html" title="c/language/ Alignas">对齐强化</a>（<a href="keyword/_Alignas.html" title="c/keyword/ Alignas"><tt>_Alignas</tt></a>）
</li><li> 过对齐类型
</li></ul>
</li><li> Unicode 支持
<ul><li> <a href="language/character_constant.html" title="c/language/character constant"><code>u</code>/<code>U</code> 字符常量</a>
</li><li> <a href="language/string_literal.html" title="c/language/string literal"><code>u8</code>/<code>u</code>/<code>U</code> 字符串字面量</a>
</li></ul>
</li><li> <a href="language/generic.html" title="c/language/generic">泛型选择表达式</a>（<a href="keyword/_Generic.html" title="c/keyword/ Generic"><tt>_Generic</tt></a>）
</li><li> <a href="language/_Noreturn.html" title="c/language/ Noreturn">不返回的函数</a>（<a href="keyword/_Noreturn.html" title="c/keyword/ Noreturn"><tt>_Noreturn</tt></a>）
</li><li> 匿名<a href="language/struct.html" title="c/language/struct">结构体</a>与<a href="language/union.html" title="c/language/union">联合体</a>成员
</li><li> 细粒度的<a href="language/eval_order.html" title="c/language/eval order">求值顺序</a>
</li><li> 延长<a href="language/lifetime.html#.E4.B8.B4.E6.97.B6.E7.94.9F.E5.AD.98.E6.9C.9F" title="c/language/lifetime">临时对象</a>生存期
</li><li> <a href="language/_Static_assert.html" title="c/language/ Static assert"><tt>_Static_assert</tt></a>
</li><li> <a href="language/analyzability.html" title="c/language/analyzability">可分析性</a>
</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.AF.E9.80.89.E7.89.B9.E6.80.A7.E7.9A.84.E5.8A.9F.E8.83.BD.E7.89.B9.E6.80.A7.E6.B5.8B.E8.AF.95.E5.AE.8F">可选特性的功能特性测试宏</span></h3>
<ul><li> <a href="preprocessor/replace.html" title="c/preprocessor/replace"><tt>__STDC_ANALYZABLE__</tt></a>
<ul><li> 指示支持可分析性。
</li></ul>
</li><li> <a href="preprocessor/replace.html" title="c/preprocessor/replace"><tt>__STDC_LIB_EXT1__</tt></a>
<ul><li> 指示支持边界检查函数。
</li></ul>
</li><li> <a href="preprocessor/replace.html" title="c/preprocessor/replace"><tt>__STDC_NO_ATOMICS__</tt></a>
<ul><li> 指示不支持原子对象与原子操作库。
</li></ul>
</li><li> <a href="preprocessor/replace.html" title="c/preprocessor/replace"><tt>__STDC_NO_COMPLEX__</tt></a>
<ul><li> 指示不支持复数类型与复数数学函数。
</li></ul>
<dl><dd> 这些特性在 C99 中为强制。
</dd></dl>
</li><li> <a href="preprocessor/replace.html" title="c/preprocessor/replace"><tt>__STDC_NO_THREADS__</tt></a>
<ul><li> 指示不支持线程局部存储与线程支持库。
</li></ul>
</li><li> <a href="preprocessor/replace.html" title="c/preprocessor/replace"><tt>__STDC_NO_VLA__</tt></a>
<ul><li> 指示不支持<a href="language/array.html#.E9.9D.9E.E5.B8.B8.E9.87.8F.E9.95.BF.E5.BA.A6.E6.95.B0.E7.BB.84" title="c/language/array">非常量长度数组与可变修改类型</a>。
</li></ul>
<dl><dd> 这些特性在 C99 中为强制。
</dd></dl>
</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.96.B0.E7.9A.84.E5.BA.93.E7.89.B9.E6.80.A7">新的库特性</span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.96.B0.E7.9A.84.E5.A4.B4.E6.96.87.E4.BB.B6">新的头文件</span></h3>
<ul><li> <code>&lt;stdalign.h&gt;</code>
</li><li> <code>&lt;stdatomic.h&gt;</code>
</li><li> <code>&lt;stdnoreturn.h&gt;</code>
</li><li> <code>&lt;threads.h&gt;</code>
</li><li> <code>&lt;uchar.h&gt;</code>
</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BA.93.E7.89.B9.E6.80.A7">库特性</span></h3>
<ul><li> 多线程环境
<ul><li> <a href="atomic.html" title="c/atomic">原子操作库</a>
</li><li> <a href="thread.html" title="c/thread">线程支持库</a>
</li></ul>
</li><li> <a href="memory/aligned_alloc.html" title="c/memory/aligned alloc"><tt>aligned_alloc()</tt></a>
</li><li> UTF-16/32 类型别名
<ul><li> <a href="string/multibyte/char16_t.html" title="c/string/multibyte/char16 t"><tt>char16_t</tt></a>
</li><li> <a href="string/multibyte/char32_t.html" title="c/string/multibyte/char32 t"><tt>char32_t</tt></a>
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</li><li> UTF-16/32 转换函数
<ul><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/multibyte/mbrtoc16.html" title="c/string/multibyte/mbrtoc16">mbrtoc16()</a></span>
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/multibyte/mbrtoc32.html" title="c/string/multibyte/mbrtoc32">mbrtoc32()</a></span>
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/multibyte/c16rtomb.html" title="c/string/multibyte/c16rtomb">c16rtomb()</a></span>
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/multibyte/c32rtomb.html" title="c/string/multibyte/c32rtomb">c32rtomb()</a></span>
</li></ul>
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="program/quick_exit.html" title="c/program/quick exit">quick_exit()</a></span>
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="program/at_quick_exit.html" title="c/program/at quick exit">at_quick_exit()</a></span>
</li><li> <span class="t-lc"><a href="io/fopen.html" title="c/io/fopen">fopen()</a></span> 与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="io/freopen.html" title="c/io/freopen">freopen()</a></span> 的排他模式（<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="st0">"x"</span></span></span>）
</li><li> <a href="error.html#.E8.BE.B9.E7.95.8C.E6.A3.80.E6.9F.A5.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0" title="c/error">边界检查函数</a>
</li><li> <a href="chrono/timespec.html" title="c/chrono/timespec"><tt>timespec</tt></a>
</li><li> <a href="chrono/timespec_get.html" title="c/chrono/timespec get"><tt>timespec_get()</tt></a>
</li><li> <a href="numeric/complex/CMPLX.html" title="c/numeric/complex/CMPLX"><tt>CMPLX(F|L)?</tt></a>
</li><li> 新的数值界限宏
<ul><li> <a href="types/limits.html" title="c/types/limits"><tt>(FLT|DBL|LDBL)_DECIMAL_DIG</tt></a>
</li><li> <a href="types/limits.html" title="c/types/limits"><tt>(FLT|DBL|LDBL)_TRUE_MIN</tt></a>
</li><li> <a href="types/limits.html" title="c/types/limits"><tt>(FLT|DBL|LDBL)_HAS_SUBNORM</tt></a>
</li></ul>
</li><li> 线程局部的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/errno.html" title="c/error/errno">errno</a></span>
</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7.E6.8A.A5.E5.91.8A">缺陷报告</span></h2>
<p><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/language/history/DR11&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:c/language/history/DR11（页面不存在）">Template:c/language/history/DR11</a>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.96.E8.AF.91.E5.99.A8.E6.94.AF.E6.8C.81">编译器支持</span></h2>
<p><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Template:c/compiler_support/11&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:c/compiler support/11（页面不存在）">Template:c/compiler support/11</a>
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